Internal-combustion engine.



M. F. BATES.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 27, "I910".

1,023,5Q6 Patented Apr. 16, 1912.

Fig. N.

Unmutur MADISON F. BATES, OF LANSING, MICHIGAN.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTIOQ' ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

PatentedApr. 16, 1912.

Application filed June 27, 1910. I Serial No. 569,010.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, MADISON F. BATES, a citizen of the. United States, residing at Lansing, in the county of Ingham, State of Michigan, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal-Combustion Engines; and I do declare the following to be a'full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying'drawings, and to the characters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to internal combustion engines, designed for using the heavier hydrocarbon fuels, and consists in the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully set forth and claimed.

The object of the invention is to provide the piston of an explosive engine with a detachable or. removable head to carry the 80 viate the necessity of disconnecting the conmovable head carryin packing rings whereby said head may be easily detached from the piston and removed from the cylinder-for the purpose of readily cleaning the rings from the usual accumulation of tarry matter which results from'the use of kerosene and the heavier oils; the ,arrangement being such as to obnecting rod and removing the piston from the cylinder. The above object is attained by the structure illustrated in the accompanyi-ng drawings, in which Figure 1 is alongitudinal section through the upper end of an engine cylinder showing a piston therein provided withmy rethe connecting rod, an the base of the cyloinder being broken away. Fig. 2 is a top lanef said removable head, a portion being 'roken away. Fig. 3 is a side elevation of said .head, show ng the circumferential grooves or channels therein in which the rings lie. Fig. 4 is a plan view of the end of the piston. Fig. 5 1s an elevation of the piston with the removable head secured to the end thereof and showing the piston rings within'the grooves of said head.

, 1 designates the cylinder of an explosive the packing rings,

Referring to the characters of reference,-

at its ends,as shown, the aperture 4 in the upper end being of lesser diameter than the interior of the piston, thereby forming at the upper end of the piston a diametrically eXtending flange 5.

The head 6 of the piston is in the form of a hollow cap having the. circumferential grooves 7 in which the expansion packing rings 8 lie. Surrounding the opening 9 in the piston .head isv an annular flange 10 adapted to enter the opening 4 in the end of the piston and position said head thereon. Formed in the wall of the head of the piston are the ribs or beads 11 which are provided with apertu'res 12 adapted to receive the bolts 13. The lower end of said bolts are threaded to screw into the tapped apertures 14 in the flange 5 at the end of the piston, which flange at that point is made thicker, as shown by dotted lines 15 in Fig 4, to afford a firmer anchorage for said bolts. The upper end of the bolts 13 receive the nuts 16 whichscrew against the'u per face of the piston head 6, whereby said ead may be securely fastened to the end of the iston in a manner'to enable it to be readi y detached for removal, when desired. The hollow head 6 lightens the weight of the pis ton and obviates the liability of overheating.

In explosive engines driven by the combustion of kerosene, orother oils rich in carbon, it has been found that the packing rings become clogged with a tarry substance, the removal of which has heretofore necessitated the withdrawal of the piston from the cylinder, involvingthe disconnecting of the-connecting rod. By providing the piston with a. removable head which carries the packing rings, it is only necessary to remove said, head to enable the rin to be thoroughly cleaned, access to the piston head being obtained by removing the head 17 of the cylinder, when by loosening the nuts 16, the piston head 6 with the packing rings 8 may be easily withdrawn. Said piston head may be readily replaced after the packing rings have been cleaned by sliding Having thus fully set forth by invention,

what I claim. as'new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

In an explosive engine, a hollow piston having an opening therethrough and provided at its upper end with :1 diametrically extending flange, a hollow pack-' ing head closed at its outer end, and

having at its inner end an annuiar flange adapted to fit within the diametrical flange of the piston, said head having circumferential grooves .and ,packing rings within said ooves, bolts passin through the paeking' ead and into the dlametrical flange at the end of 'the giston, and nuts 10 upon said bolts engagin t e packing head. In testimony whereo I sign this specification in the presence of two witnesses.

MADISON F. BATES. Witnesses:

EUGENE T. HAMMOND, LIDA A. HAVENS. 

